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Table 1 Comparaison at D2 postpartum of the chracteristics of women between the two groups

From: Early identification of women at risk of postpartum depression using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) in a sample of Lebanese women

  

EPDS <9 (%)

EPDS ≥9 (%)

p*

N

 

152 (66.8%)

76 (33.2%)

 

Mean Age

 

31.8

31.2

0.336

Region of Residency

Beirut

46 (30.3%)

24 (31.6%)

0.621

 

South

5 (3.3%)

5 (6.6%)

 
 

Mount-Lebanon

92 (60.5%)

40 (52.6%)

 
 

North

3 (2.0%)

3 (3.9%)

 
 

Bekaa

5 (3.3%)

3 (3.9%)

 
 

Nabatiyeh

1 (0.6%)

1 (1.3%)

 

Lebanese

Yes

151 (99.3%)

73 (96.1%)

0.109

 

No

1 (0.7%)

3 (3.9%)

 

Education

Elementary

1 (0.7%)

1 (1.3%)

0.444

 

Intermediate

7 (4.6%)

6 (7.9%)

 
 

Secondary

16 (10.6%)

6 (7.9%)

 
 

University

98 (64.9%)

55 (72.4%)

 
 

Postuniversity

26 (17.2%)

7 (9.2%)

 
 

Other

3 (2.0%)

1 (1.3%)

 

Occupation

Unemployed

42 (27.8%)

18 (24.3%)

0.682

 

Employee

72 (47.7%)

39 (52.7%)

 
 

Executive

12 (7.9%)

8 (10.8%)

 
 

Liberal profession

25 (16.6%)

9 (12.2%)

 

Family Support

Absent

10 (6.6%)

6 (7.9%)

0.785

 

Present

142 (93.4%)

70 (92.1%)

 

Personnal History of Depression

Yes

10 (6.7%)

8 (10.7%)

0.147

 

No

140 (93.3%)

67 (89.3%)

 

Family History of Depression

Yes

8 (5.3%)

9 (11.8%)

0.108

 

No

142 (94.7%)

67 (88.2%)

 

Perception of Pregnancy

Easy

76 (50.7%)

23 (30.3%)

<0.001

 

Average

53 (35.3%)

25 (32.9%)

 
 

Difficult

21 (14.0%)

28 (36.8%)

 

Perception of Delivery

Easy

62 (41.3%)

21 (28.4%)

0.002

 

Average

56 (37.3%)

20 (27%)

 
 

Difficult

32 (21.4%)

33 (44.6%)

 

Newborn’s gender

Male

65 (42.8%)

42 (55.3%)

0.091

 

Female

87 (57.2%)

34 (44.7%)

 

Pregnancy Term

<36 WG

11 (7.2%)

8 (10.7%)

0.390

 

36-40 WG

130 (85.6%)

59 (78.6%)

 
 

>40 WG

11 (7.2%)

8 (10.7%)

 

Delivery route

Vaginal

48 (31.6%)

12 (15.8%)

0.006

 

Vaccum

32 (21.1%)

12 (15.8%)

 
 

Forceps

6 (3.9%)

1 (1.3%)

 
 

Vaccum + Forceps

0 (0%)

1 (1.3%)

 
 

C-section

66 (43.4%)

50 (65.8%)

 

Birth order

Primiparous

56 (36.8%)

25 (32.9%)

0.660

 

Multiparous

96 (63.1%)

51 (67.1%)

 

Twin Pregnancy

Yes

3 (2.0%)

6 (7.9%)

0.063

 

No

149 (98.0%)

70 (92.1%)

 

Chronic medical problem for the mother

Yes

60 (39.5%)

40 (52.6%)

0.066

 

No

92 (60.5%)

36 (47.4%)

 

Transfer of the mother to ICU

Yes

0 (0%)

3 (3.9%)

0.036

 

No

152 (100%)

73 (76.9%)

 

Newborn at birth

Dead

0 (0%)

1 (1.3%)

0.332

 

Alive

152 (100%)

75 (98.7%)

 

Foetal medical problem

Yes

12 (7.9%)

12 (15.8%)

0.071

 

No

140 (92.1%)

64 (84.2%)

 

Newborn transfer to ICU

Yes

13 (8.6%)

14 (18.7%)

0.025

 

No

139 (91.4%)

61 (81.3%)

 

Breastfeeding

No (baby dead)

0 (0%)

1 (1.3%)

0.049

 

Breastfeeding + 1–2 cups during hospital stay

33 (21.7%)

10 (13.3%)

 
 

No breastfeeding

4 (2.6%)

7 (9.4%)

 
 

Breastfeeding + >2 cups/day

24 (15.8%)

15 (20%)

 
 

Exclusive

91 (59.9%)

42 (56%)

 
  1. WG: Weeks of Gestation; ICU: Intensive Care Unit; *Significance threshold p ≤ 0.05.