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Table 1 Studies included in the Analyses.

From: Structural brain change in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder identified by meta-analysis

Study [Reference]

Patient group diagnosis

Male/Female/Both

Number of patients

Number of controls

Mean age of patients (years)

Patients receiving medication

Brieber et al [15]

ADHD (DSM-IV)

M

15

15

13.1

10 prescribed methylphenidate

Carmona et al [16]

ADHD (DSM-IV TR)

B

25

25

10.8

All prescribed methylphenidate

McAlonan et al [17]

ADHD (DSM-IV)

M

28

31

9.9

All prescribed methylphenidate

Overmeyer et al [18]

ADHD (DSM-IV)

B

18

16

10.4

16 prescribed methylphenidate, 1 desipramine, 1 D-amphetamine

Van't Ent et al [19]

High-low concordant twin pairs: Scored by attention problem scale of Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL-AP)

B

6

34

15.4

Unmedicated

Van't Ent et al [19]

Discordant twin pairs: Scored by attention problem scale of Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL-AP)

B

10

10

15.0

Unmedicated

Wang et al [20]

ADHD (DSM-IV)

M

12

12

13.4

Not stated

TOTAL

Ā Ā 

114

143

Ā Ā 
  1. All studies compared a patient group with a comparison group using voxel-based morphometry of gray matter in Magnetic Resonance Images (MRI).