From: Pain, not chronic disease, is associated with the recurrence of depressive and anxiety disorders
Characteristics | Population Nā=ā1122 (%) |
---|---|
Sample characteristics | Ā |
Female gender,% | 765 (68.2%) |
Age in years, Mean (SD) | 43.4 (12.8) |
Education in years, Mean (SD) | 12.5 (3.2) |
Recency of last episode (ā¤1Ā year),% | 160 (14.3%) |
History of both depression and anxiety,% | 543 (48.4%) |
QIDS score, Mean (SD) | 5.4 (3.7) |
BAI, Mean (SD) | 7.2 (6.4) |
Physical health characteristics | Ā |
Chronic disease category,% | Ā |
Cardiometabolic | Ā |
āHypertension, angina pectoris, history of cardiac disease, stroke, diabetes | 185 (16.5%) |
Respiratory | Ā |
āAsthma, chronic bronchitis, pulmonary emphysema | 88 (7.8%) |
Musculoskeletal | Ā |
āOsteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus, erythematodes, fibromyalgia | 112 (10.0%) |
Digestive | Ā |
āUlcer, irritable bowel syndrome, Crohnās disease, colitis, ulcerosa, diverticulitis, liver cirrhosis, hepatitis, constipation | 101 (9.0%) |
Neurological | Ā |
āMigraine, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, peripheral, neuropathy, hernia | 48 (4.3%) |
Endocrine | Ā |
āThyroid dysfunction | 36 (3.2%) |
Cancer | Ā |
āThroat, thyroid, lymphoid, lung, esophagus, bowel, stomach, liver, uterus, cervix, ovary, bladder, testicle, prostate, skin, brain, blood | 83 (7.4%) |
Number of chronic diseases, Mean (SD) | 0.6 (0.8) |
Pain location,%1 | Ā |
āNeck | 238 (21.2%) |
āBack | 297 (26.5%) |
āHead | 288 (25.7%) |
āOrofacial | 59 (5.3%) |
āAbdominal | 189 (16.8%) |
āJoints | 245 (21.8%) |
āChest | 80 (7.1%) |
Number of pain locations, Mean (SD)1 | 1.2 (1.9) |
Duration of Paināā„ā90Ā days,% | 355 (31.6%) |
Chronic Pain Grade (CPG) | Ā |
CPG 0-1 | 720 (64.2%) |
CPG 2 | 246 (21.9%) |
CPG 3 | 101 (9.0%) |
CPG 4 | 54 (4.8%) |
Outcome,% | Ā |
Recurrence of depression disorder | 292 (26.0%) |
Recurrence of anxiety disorder | 255 (22.7%) |
Recurrence of depressive and/or anxiety disorder | 424 (37.8%) |
Duration of follow up in months, Mean (SD) | 30.0 (13.4) |