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Table 4 Factors associated with fatal outcome in suicide attempters

From: Suicide and suicide attempts in people with severe mental disorders in Butajira, Ethiopia: 10 year follow-up of a population-based cohort

Characteristics

Non-fatal outcome

Fatal outcome

p-value

 

Number (%)

Number (%)

 

Baseline demographics

   

Gender

   

Male

88 (83.8)

17 (16.2)

0.002

Female

80 (97.6)

2 (2.4)

 

Age group at enrolment

   

<20

17 (89.5)

2 (10.5)

0.590

20-29

58 (89.2)

7 (10.8)

 

30-39

65 (92.9)

5 (7.1)

 

>40

26 (83.9)

5 (16.1)

 

Marital status

   

Never married

42 (87.5)

6 (12.5)

0.840

Married

105 (90.5)

11 (9.5)

 

Others

19 (90.5)

19 (10.3)

 

Religious affiliation

   

Orthodox Christian

45 (86.5)

7 (13.5)

0.349

Muslim

110 (90.2)

12 (9.8)

 

Protestant

13 (100)

0 (0)

 

Area of residence

   

Urban

31 (91.2)

3 (8.8)

0.775

Rural

137 (89.5)

16 (10.5)

 

Child status

   

No children

61 (88.4)

8 (11.6)

0.620

At least one child

107 (90.7)

11 (9.3)

 

Caregiver experience at baseline

   

Stigma score

Mean =1.09

Mean =1.28

0.452

SE = 0.08

SE = 0.30

Burden score

Mean =0.54

Mean =0.43

0.396

SE = 0.04

SE = 0.12

Clinical features at baseline

   

Diagnosis

   

Schizophrenia

39 (81.3)

9 (18.8)

0.036

Bipolar-I Disorder

74 (90.2)

8 (9.8)

 

Major Depressive Disorder

55 (96.5)

2 (3.5)

 

History of suicidal thoughts at enrolment

   

Absent

97 (90.7)

10 (9.4)

0.943

Present

56 (90.3)

6 (9.7)

History of suicidal attempts at enrolment

   

Absent

129 (91.5)

12 (8.5)

0.133

Present

23 (82.1)

5 (17.9)

GAF score at baseline

Mean = 45.5

Mean = 45.3,

0.919

SE = 0.82

SE = 1.6

Age at first clear recognition of symptoms

Mean =22.2

Mean = 23.6

0.499

SE = 0.7

SE = 1.4

Clinical features during follow-up

   

Schizophrenia illness course (n = 312)

   

% time in psychotic episode

Mean =25.8

Mean =37.5

0.344

SE = 5.0

SE = 13.8

%time in remission

Mean =24.4

Mean =32.2

0.871

SE = 5.9

SE = 11.5

Bipolar I disorder illness course (n = 263)

   

% time in manic or depressive episode

Mean =3.2

Mean =4.2

0.719

SE = 0.9

SE = 2.8

% time in remission

Mean =78.3

Mean =79.9

0.892

SE = 3.6

SE = 11.9

Major depressive disorder (n = 158)

   

% time in depressive episode

Mean =8.0

Mean =10.5

0.829

SE = 2.1

SE = 7.3

% time in remission

Mean =73.5

Mean =90.2

0.460

SE = 4.2

SE = 9.8

Follow-up treatment status

   

Received treatment for > 50% of the follow-up period

33 (78.6)

9 (21.4)

0.006

Received treatment for < 50% of the follow-up period

135 (93.1)

10 (6.9)

 

Alcohol/khat abuse/dependence

   

No

136 (91.3)

139 (8.7)

0.198

Yes

32 (84.2)

6 (15.8)