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Table 3 Clinical characteristics of total study sample at 8-year visit and by adherence at 8-year visit

From: Cannabis use and involuntary admission may mediate long-term adherence in first-episode psychosis patients: a prospective longitudinal study

Variable

Total sample (N  = 92)

Bad adherence (n  = 45)

Good adherence (n  = 47)

p value

PANSS positive

24.8 ± 6.9

25.2 ± 7.8

24.4 ± 6.4

U = 607.0 (p = 0.413)

PANSS negative

18.9 ± 9.4

18.9 ± 9.4

20.0 ± 9.8

U = 652.5 (p = 0.745)

PANSS general

42.2 ± 11.4

44.0 ± 10.7

42.5 ± 11.9

U = 617.0 (p = 0.478)

YMRS 8 years

8.0 ± 9.2

12.0 ± 10.8

5.5 ± 7.2

U = 304.00 ( p = 0.013)

Phillips 8 years

6.3 ± 2.9

6.9 ± 2.5

5.6 ± 3.0

U = 354.50 (p = 0.510)

GAF 8 years

61.3 ± 16.8

56.2 ±16.1

68.1 ± 15.9

U = 192.00 (p = 0.007)

Strauss 8 year total

12.8 ± 3.4

12.2 ± 4.6

15.2 ± 4.7

U = 189.5 (p = 0.010)

Strauss hospitalization, n (%) yes [vs. no]

35 (37.7)

25 (53.8)

10 (19.2)

Chi2 = 11.461 (p = 0.001)

Strauss work, n (%)

   

Chi2 = 9.809 (p = 0.007)

 No

41 (44.6)

24 (53.3)

17 (36.2)

 Partial

14 (15.2)

10 (22.2)

4 (8.5)

 Total

37 (40.2)

11 (24.5)

26 (55.3)

Strauss social activity, n (%)

   

Chi2 = 1.595 (p = 0.450)

 No

14 (15.2)

7 (15.6)

7 (14.9)

 Little contact

7 (7.6)

5 (11.1)

2 (4.2)

 Frequently

71 (77.2)

33 (73.3)

38 (80.9)

Strauss symptoms, n (%)

   

Chi2 = 25.641 (p < 0.001)

 Severe

14 (15.2)

8 (17.8)

6 (12.8)

 Moderate

20 (21.7)

18 (40.0)

2 (4.2)

 Light

32 (34.8)

15 (33.3)

17 (36.2)

 None

26 (28.3)

4 (8.9)

22 (46.8)

Strauss global functioning, n (%)

   

Chi2 = 22.561 (p < 0.001)

 Continued & severe

2 (2.2)

2 (4.4)

0 (0)

 Important

11 (12.0)

6 (13.3)

5 (10.6)

 Moderate

27 (29.3)

21 (46.7)

6 (12.8)

 Light

30 (32.6)

13 (28.9)

17 (36.2)

 No disorder

22 (23.9)

3 (6.7)

19 (40.4)

Alcohol use, n (%) yes [vs. no]

52 (56.5)

31 (68.9)

21 (44.7)

Chi2 = 5.482 (p = 0.019)

Cannabis use, n (%) yes [vs. no]

27 (29.3)

21 (46.7)

6 (12.8)

Chi2 = 12.742 (p < 0.001)

Other drugs use, n (%) yes [vs. no]

15 (16.3)

15 (33.3)

0 (0)

Chi2 = 18.719 (p < 0.001)

Evolution of cannabis use, n (%)

   

Chi2 = 11.436 (p = 0.003)

 Stop use

25 (27.2)

9 (20.0)

16 (34.0)

 Continue use

26 (28.3)

20 (44.4)

6 (12.8)

 Never use

41 (44.5)

16 (35.6)

25 (53.2)

  1. Data are presented as mean ± SD or n (%).
  2. Total n varies for the different variables due to missing data. The percentage given for each variable refers to the total n available for that variable.
  3. p values are results of Chi-square (categorical variables) and Mann–Whitney U tests (continuous variables) for the comparison between groups with good versus bad adherence.
  4. Values in bold are significant at p < 0.05.
  5. Note: PANSS, Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale; GAF, Global Assessment of Functioning; YMRS, Young Mania Rating Scale; HDRS-21, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Phillips total; Phillips Premorbid adjustment scale total score; Strauss, Strauss-Carpenter prognostic scale score.
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BMC Psychiatry

ISSN: 1471-244X

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