From: Predictors of psychiatric disorders in combat veterans
 | PTSD | Anxiety | Mood disorders | Adjustment disorders | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | n= 53 | n= 81 | n= 62 | n= 55 | ||||
Variable | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI |
Gender | ||||||||
 Male (reference) | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
 Female | 2.06 | 0.65–6.54 | 2.57* | 1.07–6.15 | 5.68** | 2.54–12.73 | 3.09* | 1.14–8.37 |
Education | ||||||||
 High school or less (reference) | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
 Some college or college degree | 0.56†| 0.28–1.09 | 0.58* | 0.36–0.95 | 0.77 | 0.45–1.32 | 0.54* | 0.30–0.98 |
Race | ||||||||
 White (reference) | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
 Non-White | 0.95 | 0.52–1.71 | 0.95 | 0.59–1.53 | 1.03 | 0.61–1.76 | 0.85 | 0.49–1.50 |
Marital status | ||||||||
 Married (reference) | 1.00 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |
 Never married | 0.40** | 0.20–0.78 | — |  | — |  | — |  |
 Divorced | 1.17 | 0.44–3.12 | — |  | — |  | — |  |
Age, years | ||||||||
 18–21 (reference) | 1.00 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |
 22–26 | 0.85 | 0.43–1.71 | — |  | — |  | — |  |
 ≥27 | 0.37* | 0.13–0.99 | — |  | — |  | — |  |
Total career combat deployments | ||||||||
 1 (reference) | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |  |
 ≥2 | 1.71†| 0.94–3.11 | 1.93** | 1.20–3.09 | 1.99* | 1.17–3.40 | 1.72†| 0.99–3.00 |
Combat exposure | ||||||||
 Low (reference) | 1.00 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |
 Medium | 1.72 | 0.77–3.81 | — |  | — |  | — |  |
 High | 2.50* | 1.18–5.30 | — |  | — |  | — |  |
Deployment stressors | ||||||||
 Low (reference) | — |  | 1.00 |  | — |  | — |  |
 Medium | — |  | 1.88* | 1.00–3.48 | — |  | — |  |
 High | — |  | 1.44 | 0.75–2.74 | — |  | — |  |
Unit cohesion | ||||||||
 Low (reference) | 1.00 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |
 Medium | 0.57 | 0.28–1.14 | — |  | — |  | — |  |
 High | 0.50†| 0.24–1.02 | — |  | — |  | — |  |
Satisfaction with leadership | ||||||||
 Low (reference) | — |  | 1.00 |  | — |  | — |  |
 Medium | — |  | 0.81 | 0.46–1.41 | — |  | — |  |
 High | — |  | 0.38** | 0.18–0.77 | — |  | — |  |
 Very high | — |  | 0.45* | 0.21–0.97 | — |  | — |  |
Positive deployment experiences | ||||||||
 Low (reference) | 1.00 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |
 Medium | 0.91 | 0.48–1.74 | — |  | — |  | — |  |
 High | 0.44†| 0.18–1.06 | — |  | — |  | — |  |
Organizational commitment | ||||||||
 Low (reference) | — |  | — |  | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
 Medium | — |  | — |  | 0.58†| 0.32–1.05 | 0.73 | 0.40–1.33 |
 High | — |  | — |  | 0.42* | 0.21–0.84 | 0.37* | 0.17–0.82 |