From: Cognitive deficits in schizophrenia: an updated metanalysis of the scientific evidence
     Outcome | N Studies | N Total cases | N SG | N CG | CG/SG*100 | Effect Size C.I. 95% | PS | I2 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 Memory functioning | 128 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
1.1 Measures of Memory Efficiency | 47 | 3,432 | 2,066 | 1,366 | 66.12 | −1.22 [-1.44, -1.01]* | 0.81 | 86%* |
1.2 Measures of Memory Functioning (inpatients only) | 17 | 1,183 | 630 | 553 | 87.78 | −1.21 [-1.63, -0.80]* | 0.80 | 90%* |
1.3 Measures of Memory Functioning (outpatients only) | 16 | 1,162 | 678 | 484 | 71.39 | −1.83 [-2.35, -1.31]* | 0.90 | 92%* |
1.4 Digit Span | 31 | 2,092 | 1,209 | 883 | 73.04 | −0.67 [-0.81, -0.53]* | 0.68 | 51% ** |
1.5 LTM | 45 | 5,045 | 2,801 | 2,244 | 80.11 | −1.14 [-1.32, -0.96]* | 0.79 | 87%* |
1.6 STM | 56 | 5,405 | 3,032 | 2,373 | 78.26 | −1.05 [-1.18, -0.92]* | 0.77 | 77%* |
2 Global cognitive functioning | 131 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
2.1 Measures of IQ | 102 | 8,416 | 4,760 | 3,656 | 76.81 | −0.96 [-1.07, -0.85]* | 0.75 | 80%* |
2.2 Measures of IQ (inpatients only) | 27 | 1,800 | 894 | 906 | 101.34 | −1.04 [-1.25, -0.82]* | 0.77 | 77%* |
2.3 Measures of IQ (outpatients only) | 27 | 2,274 | 1,355 | 919 | 67.82 | −0.83 [-1.00, -0.66]* | 0.72 | 69%* |
2.4 premorbid IQ | 48 | 3,568 | 2,049 | 1,519 | 74.13 | −0.57 [-0.70, -0.43]* | 0.65 | 70%* |
3 Language | 70 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
3.1 Verbal Tasks | 70 | 6,396 | 3,962 | 2,434 | 61.43 | −0.99 [-1.10, -0.87]* | 0.76 | 74%* |
4 Executive function | 67 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
4.1 Measures of Flexibility | 67 | 5,257 | 2,867 | 2,390 | 83.36 | −1.10 [-1.27, -0.92]* | 0.78 | 88%* |
5 Attention | 76 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
5.1 Reaction Time | 76 | 5,333 | 2,852 | 2,481 | 86.99 | 0.99 [0.86, 1.12]* | 0.76 | 77%* |
5.2 Attention (inpatients only) | 19 | 1,399 | 811 | 588 | 72.50 | 1.34 [0.93, 1.76]* | 0.83 | 91%* |
5.3 Attention (outpatients only) | 21 | 1,417 | 771 | 646 | 83.79 | 1.02 [0.70, 1.34]* | 0.76 | 86%* |