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Table 3 Odds ratios a (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the association of probable PTSD (IES-score ≥ 35) with characteristics of the respondent/injury

From: Prevalence rate, predictors and long-term course of probable posttraumatic stress disorder after major trauma: a prospective cohort study

 

1-year follow-up

2-year follow-up

Characteristics

OR

95% CI

p

OR

95% CI

p

Sociodemographic

      

 Female sex

2.36

1.06-5.25

<0.05

3.42

0.99-11.75

0.051

 Ageb

2.36

1.06-5.25

0.035

0.98

0.94-1.02

0.242

 Primary education

1.38

0.47-3.99

0.558

0.91

0.10-8.36

0.935

 HHC: Single

0.88

0.38-2.03

0.756

1.36

0.36-5.17

0.648

Physical

      

 Co-morbidity

4.61

2.02-10.55

<0.01

1.20

0.30-4.89

0.797

Injury related

      

 ISSb

0.82

0.28-2.36

0.707

0.46

0.06-3.50

0.449

 Injury localization

      

  Head ≥3

1.02

0.33-3.16

0.969

0.12

0.02-.66

<0.05

  Chest ≥3

2.16

0.77-6.09

0.146

1.41

0.22-9.13

0.722

  Abdomen ≥3

2.33

0.71-7.66

0.162

2.86

0.44-18.59

0.271

  Extremities ≥3

1.68

0.66-4.30

0.276

0.18

0.03-.99

<0.05

 Glasgow Coma Scaleb

0.99

0.90-1.10

0.865

0.94

0.81-1.10

0.444

Pre-hospital trauma care c

      

 EMS

1.29

0.54-3.06

0.566

0.96

0.27-3.49

0.953

  1. HHC = Household composition, EMS = Emergency Medical Services.
  2. aAdjusted for all included predictors in model using multivariate logistic regression analysis.
  3. bContinuous variable.
  4. cThe presence versus absence of pre-hospital trauma care at the scene of the accident via assistance of physician staffed helicopter or other EMS teams.