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Table 2 Characteristics, stratified by presence of probable PTSD a (IES-score ≥35)

From: Prevalence rate, predictors and long-term course of probable posttraumatic stress disorder after major trauma: a prospective cohort study

Characteristics

1-year follow-up

2-year follow-up

Probable PTSD

Probable PTSD

46 (23.2%)

20 (19.8%)

Sociodemographic

  

 Gender

  

  Male

19.7%

15.5%

  Female

30.3%

30.0%

 Age

  

  <50

25.5%

19.0%

  ≥50

17.0%

21.1%

 Education

  

  Primary

27.6%

22.2%

  Higher

21.9%

20.0%

 Household composition

  

  Alone

25.9%

21.4%

  Not alone

22.6%

20.0%

Physical

  

 Comorbidity

  

  No comorbidity

14.0%**

19.1%

  Comorbid disease(s)

37.7%

21.2%

Injury-related

  

ISS

  

  <25

22.0%

19.0%

  ≥25

25.0%

20.9%

Injury localization/AISb

  

 Head

  

  <3

31.5%

34.6%*

  ≥3

20.1%

14.7%

 Chest

  

  <3

20.3%

18.5%

  ≥3

27.5%

21.3%

 Abdomen

  

  <3

21.4%

17.8%

  ≥3

36.0%

36.4%

 Extremities

  

  <3

19.7%*

19.7%

  ≥3

34.8%

20.0%

 Glasgow Coma Scale

  

  3-8

20.4%

14.3%

  9-15

24.3%

22.7%

Pre-hosp trauma care

  

  No EMS

26.3%

23.1%

  EMS

21.3%

17.7%

  1. EMS = Emergency Medical Services.
  2. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.
  3. aan IES-score ≥35 signifies symptoms of posttraumatic stress indicative of PTSD.
  4. bInjury localization/AIS: patients are dichotomized into two categories: with an AIS below 3 or 3 or higher of a specific injury localization.