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Table 2 Means and standard deviations for sleep measurements by group

From: Contributions of circadian tendencies and behavioral problems to sleep onset problems of children with ADHD

Measures

ADHD N = 26

Control N = 49

F

Polysomnography

   

 Sleep latency

27.48 (17.99)

20.57 (16.24)

1.32

 Total sleep time

519.20 (43.25)

518.84 (61.10)

0.09

 Sleep efficiency (%)

94.91 (3.89)

96.90 (2.84)

3.62

 Stage N1 (min)

27.50 (12.62)

22.55 (11.00)

1.47

 Stage N2 (min)

204.36 (48.45)

185.17 (50.00)

1.29

 Stage N3 (min)

201.73 (50.06)

224.01 (61.37)

1.82

 REM Sleep (min)

85.61 (21.12)

87.11 (23.03)

0.47

 PLM index

2.87 (1.82)

3.78 (1.24)

0.79

 AHI Index

0.84 (0.97)

1.15 (0.61)

0.51

Sleep Logs

   

 Bedtime

21:13 (0:36)

21:14 (0:45)

0.30

 Wake-up time

7:16 (0:45)

7:20 (0:53)

0.05

 Sleep Duration

10:03

10:06

--

Morningness-Eveningness Scale

29.81 (4.56)

31.80 (3.32)

10.72*

Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire

   

 Bedtime Resistance

8.23 (2.60)

7.58 (2.43)

1.81

 Sleep Onset Delay

1.71 (0.82)

1.42 (0.64)

3.98*

 Sleep Duration

5.16 (1.93)

4.34 (1.45)

5.88*

 Sleep Anxiety

6.10 (2.29)

5.23 (2.21)

4.06*

 Night Wakings

4.58 (2.0)

3.73 (1.15)

6.88**

 Parasomnias

9.06 (1.77)

8.27 (1.84)

3.57

 Sleep Disordered Breathing

3.45 (0.93)

3.19 (0.90)

1.45

 Daytime Sleepiness

13.71 (3.50)

11.81 (2.85)

8.07**

 Total Sleep Disturbance Score

48.97 (5.82)

42.97 (7.16)

17.36**

  1. Note. RLS refers to the Restless Leg Syndrome Index of the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire; AHI refers to the apnea/hypopnea index. Children with primary sleep disorders were excluded from the study. *p ≤ .05. **p ≤ .001.