Figure 1From: Interactions among alcohol dependence, perinatal common mental disorders and violence in couples in rural Vietnam: a cross-sectional study using structural equation modeling Indirect effect of comorbid PCMD and AD in husbands on probability of PCMD in wives via intimate partner violence. Only significant paths were included (see Table 2 for details). All of the variables in the diagram (presented in rectangular boxes) are observed except for the unmeasured (latent) variable ‘Intimate partner violence’ (represented as an ellipse).Single-headed solid arrows represent statistically significant directional paths, whereas dashed lines indicate factor loadings of the latent variable.Back to article page