Table 2 Final typology of conceptual categories

1. Communication style

1.1 Open, loving, everyday communication

1.2 Communication through formal records and documents

1.3 Indirect communication

1.4 Catastrophic, fragmented communication

1.5 Secrets, silence and the unsaid

Experience of trauma

2.1 Terrifying world view: attempts to anticipate disaster

2.2 Psychical deterritorialization: lack of rootedness and sense of belonging

2.3 Presentification of the traumatic parental

2.4 experience

2.5 Experiences of guilt, victimization and submission

2.6 Fear of being recognized by external identifiers

2.7 Attempts to explain parental survival and impact on the second generation

Mechanisms of psychical working over and resilience

3.1 Search for a radical singularity from the parental history

3.2 Visitation of sites related to the traumatic parental experience

3.3 Art as a possible means of representing the catastrophe

3.4 Sense of belonging to a group: bonding and social support

3.5 Defense of universal, humanistic values