From: Prevalence of co-morbid depression in out-patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Bangladesh
Variables | PHQ-9 | WHO-5 |
---|---|---|
 | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) |
Current Age (r = lowest value, 41 years) | 1.5 (1.0-1.8) c | 1.6 (1.1-2.0) c |
Female (r = male) | 2.8 (2.0-4.8) b | 2.3 (1.8-3.7) b |
Schooling in year (r = 0) | 0.9 (0.6-2.8) | 0.8 (0.4-2.5) |
Monthly income > 6000 Taka (r = ≤ 6000 Taka) a | 0.5 (0.3-1.0) b | 0.6 (0.4-1.2) b |
Urban resident (r = rural) | 1.3 (0.7-3.8) | 1.2 (0.6-3.5) |
Treatment intensity | Â | Â |
Insulin (r = oral medication + diet) | 1.2 (0.8-2.6) | 1.2 (0.7-3.4) |
Insulin + oral medication (r = oral medication + diet) | 1.6 (1.0-2.8) c | 1.5 (1.0-3.1) c |
Number of medication (r = lowest number, 3 medicines) | 1.1 (0.8-3.2) | 1.2 (0.8-3.8) |
Co-morbidity | Â | Â |
Cardiovascular Disease (r = no co-morbidity) | 1.6 (1.1-2.3) b | 1.8 (1.3-3.3) b |
Hypertension (r = no co-morbidity) | 1.1 (0.5-3.8) | 1.1 (0.4-3.5) |
Kidney/eye problem/nephropathy (r = no co-morbidity) | 1.0 (0.5-3.4) | 1.0 (0.6-3.5) |
Number of co-morbidity (r = 0) | 1.8 (1.2-3.3) b | 2.1 (1.3-3.7) b |
BMI (r = lowest value, 21.3 g/cm2) | 0.9 (0.3-1.9) | 0.8 (0.2-2.1) |
FBS level (r = lowest value, 97.3 mg/dl) | 1.6 (1.0-2.8) c | 1.5 (1.0-2.9) c |
HbA1c level (r = lowest value, 40 mmol/mol) | 2.0 (1.4-3.3) b | 2.1 (1.3-3.7) b |