Association between second-generation antipsychotics and newly diagnosed treated diabetes mellitus: does the effect differ by dose?

Table 2 Rate and Hazard Ratios of Treated Diabetes in Patients Exposed to Second-Generation Antipsychotics^a, By Dose^b and Drug

Dose category	Patients exposed (N)	Events (N)	Person-years	Diabetes rate (per 100 person-years)	Adjusted^c HR^d (95% CI^e)
Aripiprazole					p^f = 0.43
≥15 mg	1321	4	371	1.1	1.3 (0.1, 12.2)
10 - <15 mg	988	1	214	0.5	0.6 (0.04, 9.8)
<10 mg	788	1	145	0.7	Reference
Olanzapine					p^f = 0.002
≥10 mg	5921	58	2176	2.7	2.5 (1.4, 4.5)
5 - <10 mg	6761	41	2118	1.9	1.7 (1.0, 3.1)
<5 mg	4398	15	1361	1.1	Reference
Quetiapine					p^f = 0.007
>150 mg	4686	34	1686	2.0	2.5 (1.3, 4.7)
51 -150 mg	5525	15	1610	0.9	1.2 (0.6, 2.5)
≤50 mg	6516	13	1838	0.7	Reference
Risperidone					p^f = 0.10
≥ 2 mg	5103	23	1852	1.2	2.1 (1.0, 4.4)
1 - <2 mg	5187	15	1649	0.9	1.4 (0.6, 3.1)
<1 mg	4353	10	1372	0.7	Reference
Ziprasidone					p^f = 0.60
>80 mg	624	1	186	0.5	0.3 (0.03, 3.4)
41 - 80 mg	671	2	170	1.2	0.6 (0.1, 4.0)
≤40 mg	725	3	181	1.7	Reference

^aResults from clozapine not included because numbers were insufficient.
^bDose per day
^cAdjusted for age, sex, study site, year of cohort entry, history of antipsychotic use (>3 months prior to index), exposure to other pharmacotherapy (alpha blockers, beta blockers, statins, corticosteroids, fibrates, lithium, oral contraceptives, thiazide (and related) diuretics, valproate, hydantoin), and obesity
^dHR = hazard ratio
^eCI = confidence interval
^f test for trend

ISSN: 1471-244X