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Table 1 Phenotypic overlap between depression and measured environments (within individuals)

From: Environmental exposures and their genetic or environmental contribution to depression and fatigue: a twin study in Sri Lanka

Measured environment

Sex group

OR adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, plus all the environments

  

Depression (lifetime-ever)

Abnormal Fatigue

Early school leaving

Men

0.96 (0.64-1.44)

1.29 (0.96-1.72)

 

Women

1.39 (1.01-1.91)

1.45 (1.13-1.87)

 

All

1.20 (0.94-1.55)

1.38 (1.14-1.67)

Standard of Living

Men

1.60 (1.07-2.40)

1.58 (1.15-2.16)

 

Women

0.83 (0.59-1.18)

1.27 (0.96-1.68)

 

All

1.07 (0.81-1.40)

1.39 (1.13-1.72)

Life Events

Men

2.54 (2.02-3.21)

2.29 (1.91-2.74)

 

Women

2.62 (2.16-3.18)

1.95 (1.64-2.31)

 

All

2.60 (2.24-3.01)

2.10 (1.85-2.38)

Parental care (continuous)

Men

0.88 (0.80-0.96)

0.91 (0.86-0.97)

 

Women

0.93 (0.88-0.98)

0.88 (0.85-0.92)

 

All

0.92 (0.87-0.96)

0.89 (0.86-0.92)

  1. The correlations among the environmental exposures are as follows:
  2. i) early school leaving with standard of living: 0.38; with life events: 0.18; with parental care: -0.07. ii) standard of living with life events: 0.32; with parental care: -0.03. iii) life events with parental care: -0.12.
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BMC Psychiatry

ISSN: 1471-244X

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